---
title: JLPT N5 - Adjectives
description: "Free Japanese JLPT N5 Lesson :  -な and -い adjectives"
image: https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/JLPT%20grammar%20N5.jpeg
---

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# JLPT N5 - Adjectives

![Christophe](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/IMG_4361S_C-1.jpg)

Posted by [Christophe](https://blog.cardemy.com/author/christophe) on Nov 20, 2022 6:06:00 AM

 

In Japanese, there are two kinds of adjectives: -な adjectives and -い adjectives. 

![L’adjectif en na](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/subtitle_bean.svg)

### -な Adjectives

When the noun follows the -な adjective, -な is kept.   
真面目まじめな人ひと。A serious person.

When the adjective is separated from the subject by a verb, -な is deleted.  
彼かれは真面目まじめだ。He is serious.   
彼かれは真面目まじめな人ひとだ。He is a serious person.  

The conjugation of -な adjectives is almost the same as that of nouns :

| Tense | Conjugation |
| --- | --- |
| Present or future affirmative | 有名ゆうめいだ |
| Present or future negative | 有名ゆうめいじゃない |
| Past affirmative | 有名ゆうめいだった |
| Past negative | 有名ゆうめいじゃなかった |

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

彼女かのじょは親切しんせつだ。

She is nice.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

ここは静しずかじゃない。

It's not quiet here.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

山田やまださんは元気げんきだった。

Yamada was fine.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

試験しけんは簡単かんたんじゃなかった。

The examination was not easy.

 

| [Add flashcards](https://cardemy.com/addCardsFromGrammarGuide) |   |
| --- | --- |
| 傲慢だ | 99998473095636 |
| 有名じゃない | 99998480880359 |
| 簡単だった | 99998479659241 |
| 普通じゃなかった | 1063838146 |

 

"(Someone) likes (something)", is translated in Japanese by "(someone) は (something) が 好すきです"。 Indeed, *to like* is translated by 好すき(な), a -な adjective.  
私わたしはマンガが好すきだ。I like manga.

"(Someone) who likes (something)" is translated by "(something) が好すきな (someone)".   
マンガが好すきな人ひと。A person who likes manga.  
マンガが好すきじゃない人ひと。A person who does not like manga.  
マンガが好すきだった人ひと。A person who loved manga.  
マンガが好すきじゃなかった人ひと。A person who did not like manga.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

静しずかな場所ばしょが好すきだ。

I like quiet places.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

マンガが好すきじゃない人ひとは、ドラマが好すきだ。

People who don't like manga, like series.

 

| [Add flashcards](https://cardemy.com/addCardsFromGrammarGuide) |   |
| --- | --- |
| 好きだ | 1622365415 |
| 好きな人 | 99998478981634 |
| 有名じゃない人 | 99998484929028 |
| 簡単じゃなかった人 | 99998482179482 |

 

![Adjectif en い](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/subtitle_bean.svg)

### -い Adjectives

Adjectives in -い always end with an い written in hiragana :  
今日きょうは暑あつい。Today it's hot.  
猫ねこは可愛かわいい。Cats are cute.

Some adjectives in -な end in い like 綺麗きれい(な)、有名ゆうめい(な) etc.

Generally, adjectives in -な are written in kanji and they do not have okurigana (kanas needed for conjugation), 嫌きらい(な) is the only exception.

When an -い adjective qualifies a noun, it directly precedes the name.   
今日きょうは寒さむい日ひだ。Today is a cold day.  
東京とうきょうは大おおきい町まちだ。Tokyo is a big city.

The conjugation of -い adjectives is different from that of -な adjectives.   
Note that だ cannot be added to -い adjectives..

| Tense | Conjugation |
| --- | --- |
| Present affirmative | 寒さむい |
| Present negative (drop final -い and add -くない) | 寒さむくない |
| Past affirmative (drop final -い and add -かった) | 寒さむかった |
| Past negative (drop final -い and add -くなかった) | 寒さむくなかった |

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

スイスは、物価ぶっかが高たかい国くにだ。

Switzerland is a country with high prices.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

人ひとが多おおいところは好すきじゃない。

I don't like crowded places.

 

| [Add flashcards](https://cardemy.com/addCardsFromGrammarGuide) |   |
| --- | --- |
| 安い | 99998478458681 |
| 少ない | 1168994210 |
| 小さい | 962557251 |

 

Note the exception : 良い・よい well, good (≠ food).

| Temps | Conjugaison |
| --- | --- |
| Present or future affirmative | 良い・よい |
| Present or future negative | 良よくない |
| Past affirmative | 良よかった |
| Past negative | 良よくなかった |

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

彼かれは頭あたまが良いい。

He is intelligent (literally: he has a good head).

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

嘘うそは良よくない。

Lying is not good.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

日本旅行にほんりょこうは良よかった。

The trip to Japan was good.

![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg)

ホテルは良よくなかった。

The hotel was not good.

 

| [Add flashcards](https://cardemy.com/addCardsFromGrammarGuide) |   |
| --- | --- |
| 良い | 99998478742254 |
| 良くない | 1711770 |
| 良かった | 1766613707 |
| 良くなかった | 99998483735914 |

 

![Exercices](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/subtitle_bean.svg)

### Exercices

Conjugate the following words in present, present negative, past and past negative forms.

Ex :大おおきい→大おおきい・大おおきくない・大おおきかった・大おおきくなかった

楽たのしい

Present/future affirmative

Answer →

楽たのしい

Translation →

Fun.

Present/future negative

Answer →

楽たのしくない

Translation →

Not fun.

Past affirmative

Answer →

楽たのしかった

Translation →

Was fun.

Past negative

Answer →

楽たのしくなかった

Translation →

Wasn't fun.

良よい

Present/future affirmative

Answer →

良よい

Traduction →

Is good.

Present/future negative

Answer →

良よくない

Translation →

Isn't good.

Past affirmative

Answer →

良よかった

Translation →

Was good.

Past negative

Answer →

良よくなかった

Translation →

Wasn't good.

小ちいさい

Present/future affirmative

Answer →

小ちいさい

Translation →

Is small.

Present/future negative

Answer →

小ちいさくない

Translation →

Is not small.

Past affirmative

Answer →

小ちいさかった

Translation →

Was small.

Past negative

Answer →

小ちいさくなかった

Translation →

Wasn't small.

綺麗きれい

Present/future affirmative

Answer →

綺麗きれいだ

Translation →

Is beautiful.

Present/future negative

Answer →

綺麗きれいじゃない

Translation →

Is not beautiful.

Past affirmative

Answer →

綺麗きれいだった

Translation →

Was beautiful.

Past negative

Answer →

綺麗きれいじゃなかった

Translation →

Was not beautiful.

有名ゆうめい

Present/future affirmative

Answer →

有名ゆうめいだ。

Translation →

Is famous.

Present/future negative

Answer →

有名ゆうめいじゃない

Translation →

Is not famous.

Past affirmative

Answer →

有名ゆうめいだった

Translation →

Was famous.

Past negative

Answer →

有名ゆうめいじゃなかった

Translation →

Wasn't famous.

好すき

Present/future affirmative

Answer →

好きだ

Translation →

Like.

Present/future negative

Answer →

好すきじゃない

Translation →

Don't like.

Past affirmative

Answer →

好すきだった

Translation →

Did like.

Past negative

Answer →

好すきじゃなかった

Translation →

Didn't like.

Fill in a particle は or が in the 〇 and an adjective in ( ).

A：明日あした 〇 忙いそがしい？   
B：ううん、(　　　　　　　　　)。

Answer →

A：明日あした は 忙いそがしい？   
B：ううん、忙いそがしくない。

Translation →

A: Are you busy tommorow ?   
B: No, I'm not busy.

A：何なに〇 好すき？   
B：アニメ〇 好すき。

Answer →

何なにが 好すき？   
B：アニメが 好すき。

Translation →

A: What do you like ?   
B: I like anime.

A：納豆なっとう 〇おいしい？   
B：ううん、（　　　　　　　　　）。

Answer →

A：納豆なっとう はおいしい？   
B：ううん、おいしくない.。

Translation →

A: Does natto taste good ?   
B: No, it doesn't taste good.

A：テスト〇（　　　　　　　　　）？   
B：ううん、簡単かんたん じゃなかった。

Answer →

A：テストは 簡単かんたんだった？   
B：ううん、 簡単かんたん じゃなかった。

Translation →

A: Was the exam easy ?   
B: No, it wasn't easy.

A：前橋まえばし〇 有名ゆうめいな 町まち？   
B：ううん、（　　　　　　　　　）。

Answer →

A：前橋まえばしは 有名ゆうめいな 町まち？   
B：ううん、有名ゆうめいじゃない。

Translation →

A: Is Maebashi a famous city ?   
B: No, it's not famous.

 

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