Previously, we learnt よう, みたい and っぽい to express similarity or hearsay. In this lesson, we will learn new ways to express them with そうだ and らしい.
Express quotation with そうだ
1) Verbs: Conjugated verb + そうだ (Note: not a sterm form)
心配するそうだ (present) 心配したそうだ (past)
2) Adjectives -i : Base form + そうだ
楽しいそうだ (Note : keep い)
3) Adjectives -na : Stem + な/だ +そうだ
大丈夫だそうだ (Note : keep だ)
4) Nouns : Noun + だ + そうだ
社会人だそうだ (Note : keep だ)
Don't forget to put な or だ after nouns or adjectives -na.
Exercices
Form quotations from the words below.
暑い
Answer →
暑いそうだ
Translation →
I heard it's going to be hot today.
大切だ
Answer →
大切だそうだ
Translation →
I heard that it's precious.
育てる
Answer →
育てるそうだ
Translation →
I heard that they are going to raise him .
先生
Answer →
先生だそうだ
Translation →
I heard that he is a teacher.
Express supposition with そうだ
1) Verbs : Stem of the masu form (ます形) + そうだ
帰ります→帰りそうだ (Note : stem not the entire verb conjugated)
帰ります→帰りそうだ (Note : stem not the entire verb conjugated)
2) Adjectives -i : Stem + そうだ
嬉しい→嬉しそうだ (Note : remove い)
嬉しい→嬉しそうだ (Note : remove い)
3) Adjectives -na : Stem + そうだ
幸せな→幸せそうだ (Note : remove だ)
幸せな→幸せそうだ (Note : remove だ)
彼女はもう疲れていそうですね。
It seems to me that she is already tired.
これは値段が高そうですね。
It looks expensive.
Adjectives that describe appearance such as 可愛い, (背が)高い, 太っている etc. are not usable with this expression.
ない and いい can be conjugated like this :
ない→なさそうだ いい→よさそうだ
Exercices
Conjugate the words below to the supposition そうだ form.
美味しい
Answer →
美味しそうだ
Translation →
It looks delicious.
眠る
Answer →
眠りそうだ
Translation →
It seems that he will fall asleep.
Express hearsay with らしい
らしい expresses more a vague rumour than そうだ which is more for direct quote.
How to use it :
1) Verbs : Verb conjugated + らしい
帰るらしい
帰ったらしい
2) Adjectives : Base form + らしい
3) Nouns : Noun + らしい
それは安いらしいね。
I heard that it's cheap.
彼が新しいプロジェクトを企画するらしい。
They say that he is planning a new project.
Conjugate the words below to the らしい form.
簡単
Answer →
簡単らしい
Translation →
I heard that it's easy.
留学する
Answer →
留学するらしい
Translation →
I've heard that he goes study abord.
怪しい
Answer →
怪しいらしい
Translation →
I`ve heard that it is suspecious.
→ Please check the previous lesson to learn よう, みたい and っぽい.
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