--- title: JLPT N4 - Subordinate clauses and sentence order description: "Free online course JLPT N4 : Subordinate clauses and sentence order" image: https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/JLPT%20grammar%20N4.jpeg --- [![cardemy_logo_unleash_your_talent_margin](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/cardemy_logo_unleash_your_talent_margin.svg)](https://blog.cardemy.com) [![cardemy logo](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/cardemy_logo_unleash_your_talent_margin.svg)](https://blog.cardemy.com) - [cardemy.com](https://cardemy.com) [Home](https://blog.cardemy.com/) [![clear-logo](https://blog.cardemy.com/hs-fs/hubfs/raw_assets/public/Marketplace/webdew/Clear_-_Blog_Listing/Images/clear-logo.png?width=94&height=41&name=clear-logo.png "clear-logo")](https://www.webdew.com/clear/home) - [cardemy.com](https://cardemy.com) - [English](https://blog.cardemy.com/jlpt-n4-subordinate-clauses-and-sentence-order) - [Français](https://blog.cardemy.com/fr/jlpt-n4-proposition-surbordonnee-et-ordre-de-la-phrase) # Cardemy Blog - [English](https://blog.cardemy.com/jlpt-n4-subordinate-clauses-and-sentence-order) - [Français](https://blog.cardemy.com/fr/jlpt-n4-proposition-surbordonnee-et-ordre-de-la-phrase) [Index of the Grammar guide](https://blog.cardemy.com/grammar-indexguide-index?hsLang=en) [![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/JLPT%20grammar%20N4.jpeg)](https://blog.cardemy.com/jlpt-n4-subordinate-clauses-and-sentence-order) # JLPT N4 - Subordinate clauses and sentence order ![Christophe](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/IMG_4361S_C-1.jpg) Posted by [Christophe](https://blog.cardemy.com/author/christophe) on Jan 29, 2023 7:51:00 AM ![Proposition subordonnée](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/subtitle_bean.svg) ### Subordinate clause In Japanese, a noun can be modified by introducing a proposition, as if it were an adjective. - an interesting book →　'interesting' + 'book'： 面白おもしろい本ほん - a book I bought yesterday　→　'I bought yesterday' + 'book'：昨日きのう私わたしが買かった本ほん - a person who is not a student　→　'who is not a student' + 'a person'： 学生がくせいじゃない 人ひと　 The subject in the proposition is marked by が.  Please note that you cannot use 'だ' to directly modify a name with another name.  (Wrong) 会社員かいしゃいんだ人   However, it is possible to do this with の instead of 'だ'.  会社員かいしゃいんの人ひと :  a person who is employed.   Or by conjugating the first noun with 'だった', 'じゃない' and 'じゃなかった'. 会社員かいしゃいんだった人ひと : a person who was employed. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) 会社員かいしゃいんの人ひとは、毎日まいにち会社かいしゃに行いく。 A person who is employed goes to the office every day. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) 雨あめじゃない日ひは洗濯せんたくする。 I do the laundry on days when it doesn't rain. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) 学生がくせいだった佐藤さとうくんは建築家けんちくかになった。 Sato who was a student became an architect. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) 昨日きのうまで知しり合あいじゃなかった加藤かとうさんと友達ともだちになった。 I became friend with Kato who was not my acquaintance until yesterday. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) さくらちゃんは、よく勉強べんきょうする子こだ。 Sakura is a child who studies a lot. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) 先週せんしゅう友達ともだちと見みた映画えいがは面白おもしろくなかった。 The film I saw with my friend last week was not interesting. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) 日曜日にちようびは、働はたらかない日ひだ。 Sunday is a day when I don't work. ![](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/flashcards_purple.svg) 努力どりょくしなかった人ひとは、成功せいこうしない。 A person who has not made an effort does not succeed. | [Add flashcards](https://cardemy.com/addCardsFromGrammarGuide) |   | | --- | --- | | する子 | 99998478612371  | | する人 | 99998477406758 | | する日 |  99998476534822 | ![L'ordre d'une phrase ](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/subtitle_bean.svg) ### The order of a sentence In Japanese, you should always put the verb at the end of the sentence, but you can put the subject and the complement in any order. All the sentences below are correct.  （１）　私わたしはコンビニでおにぎりを買かった。 （２）　コンビニで私わたしはおにぎりを買かった。　 （３）　おにぎりを私わたしはコンビニで買かった。 （４）　おにぎりを買かった。 （５）　買かった。 ![Exercices](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/subtitle_bean.svg) ### Exercices Translate the expressions below into Japanese. Manga that are not "shojo" (manga style targeting young girls). Answer → 少女しょうじょマンガじゃないマンガ The day when the weather was not good. Answer → 晴はれじゃなかった日ひ A person who was a doctor. Answer → 医者いしゃだった人ひと A person swimming in the sea. Answer → 海うみで泳およぐ人ひと A person I saw last week. Answer → 先週せんしゅう会あった人ひと The day I didn't go to school. Answer → 学校がっこうへ(に)行いかなかった日ひ Topics: [Learn Japanese](https://blog.cardemy.com/tag/learn-japanese), [JLPT N4 Grammar](https://blog.cardemy.com/tag/jlpt-n4-grammar) ### Subscribe to our newsletter to get more educative contents like this ![Learn English flashcard example Toyota](https://blog.cardemy.com/hubfs/ads%20google%20display%20Toyota.png "Learn English flashcard example Toyota") Try the Cardemy app! 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